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Martinique – Wikipedia From the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation search For New York City nightclub of s see La This article may be expanded with text translated from corresponding in French March Click show for important translation instructions View a machine-translated version Machine like DeepL or Google Translate is useful starting point translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that accurate rather than simply copy-pasting into English Do not translate appears unreliable low-quality If possible verify references provided foreign-language You provide copyright attribution edit summary accompanying your by providing an interlanguage link source A model Content this existing at fr its history should also add template Translated talk page more guidance Translation Overseas department region FranceMartinique Matinik MatnikOverseas FlagCoat armsCoordinates N W xfeff Coordinates territoryFrancePrefectureFort-de-FranceDepartments Government President Executive CouncilAlfred Marie-Jeanne Area Total km sq mi rank th regionPopulation Density Demonym Martinican Martiniquais m Martiniquaise f Time zoneUTC- ECT ISO codeMQFR-MQGDP Ranked rdTotal billion US bn Per capita NUTS RegionFRAWebsitePrefecture Territorial collectivity r t n i k MAR -tin-EEK ma tinik listen Creole Matnik island France therefore integral part Republic located Lesser Antilles West Indies eastern Caribbean Sea land area square kilometres population inhabitants January One Windward Islands it directly north Saint Lucia northwest Barbados south Dominica Outermost Region OMR European Union special territory currency use euro Virtually entire speaks both only official language Antillean Contents Etymology History Pre-European contact arrival early colonial period Post- st centuries Governance Administrative divisions Symbols flags Geography Flora fauna Economy Tourism Infrastructure Transport Communications Demographics Population Ethnic groups Religion Languages Culture Cuisine Literature Music In popular culture See References External links It thought corruption native name Madiana Madinina meaning ‘island flowers’ relayed Christopher Columbus when he visited According historian Sydney Daney was called Jouanaca ra Caribs which means iguanas Main articles Saint-Pierre Before total destruction volcanic eruption most city culturally economically being known Paris The occupied first Arawaks then were described gentle timorous Indians ferocious cannibal warriors came Central America century AD Venezuela coast around When arrived had massacred many their adversaries sparing women who they kept personal domestic charted Spain little interest landed on June after -day trade wind passage his fastest ocean voyage He spent three days there refilling water casks bathing washing laundry On September Pierre Belain d’Esnambuc governor St Kitts harbour settlers driven off D’Esnambuc claimed King Louis XIII Compagnie des les de l’Am rique Company American established settlement Fort now died leaving company hands nephew Jacques Dyel du Parquet became skirmishes indigenous rose against drive them citation needed successfully repelled natives forced retreat Caravelle Peninsula Capesterre Carib revolted rule Governor Charles Hou l Petit Pr retaliated war Many killed those survived taken captive expelled Some fled Vincent where agreed leave peace After death widow Marie Bonnard tried govern dislike her led XIV take over sovereignty Meanwhile Dutch Jews Portuguese Brazil introduced sugar plantations worked enslaved Africans Large numbers slaves imported Africa work these Second Anglo-Dutch War spilled out Britain attacking pro-Dutch fleet virtually destroying further cementing British pre-eminence attempted conquer repulsed attack ships Because few Catholic priests earliest Huguenots sought greater religious freedom what could experience mainland Others transported punishment refusing convert Catholicism dying en route Those quite industrious time prospered though less fortunate reduced status indentured servants Although edicts XIV’s court regularly islands suppress Protestant heretics mostly ignored authorities until Edict Revocation As planters themselves Huguenot sharing suffering under harsh strictures began plotting emigrate recently brethren encouraged Catholics looked forward departure opportunities seizing property By nearly all Martinique’s escaped colonies countries Europe policy decimated rest set back colonisation decades causing king relax policies however left susceptible occupation next Under Courbon comte Bl nac served home port pirates including Captain Crapeau Etienne Montauban Mathurin Desmarestz later years pirate Bartholomew Roberts styled jolly roger black flag depicting standing two skulls labeled ABH AMH Barbadian’s Head Martinican’s governors sent warships capture Battle between fleets attacked several times Excepting following signing Treaty Amiens controlled traded conclusion Napoleonic Wars has remained possession since Despite introduction successful coffee Western hemisphere prices declined planter class lost political influence Slave rebellions plus campaigns abolitionists such Cyrille Bissette Victor Sch lcher persuaded government end slavery result some plantation owners workers India China abolition life scarcely improved Martinicans racial tensions exploded rioting southern arrest L opold Lubin trader African ancestry beaten Frenchman deaths revolt crushed militia May Mont Pel e erupted completely destroyed killing people Due refugees boats villages remaining permanently survivor town Auguste Cyparis saved thick walls prison cell Shortly thereafter capital shifted Fort-de-France remains today During WWII pro-Nazi Vichy Admiral Georges Robert German U-boats used refuelling re-supply during sunk dropping five Free forces took Bastille Day July National Assembly voted unanimously transform colony Department post-war saw growing campaign full independence notable proponent author Aim C saire founded Progressive Party Tensions boiled December riots broke racially-charged altercation motorists resulting global turn colonialism strongly pro-independence OJAM Organisation la jeunesse anticolonialiste le formed Its leaders arrested acquitted again gendarmes shot dead striking banana However movement steam economy faltered large scale emigration Hurricanes severely affected agricultural output straining Greater autonomy granted s- convulsed general strikes Initially focusing cost-of-living issues soon dimension strikers challenged continued economic dominance B descendants Nicolas Sarkozy promising reform While ruling said desired neither nor offered Martiniquans referendum island’s future degree Politics Further information Elections territories Together Guiana one Special Collectivity Unique french outermost are citizens legal rights sends four deputies senators Senate approved change within framework Republic’s Constitution new council replaces exercises powers General Council regional map showing arrondissements Arrondissements Communes Cantons divided communes cantons abolished respective locations follows sole prefecture takes up central zone includes sixteen Besides communities Saint-Joseph Trinit subprefectures occupies northeast ten eleven contains Ajoupa-Bouillon Basse-Pointe Le Gros-Morne Lorrain Macouba Marigot Sainte-Marie Marin second subprefecture makes composed twelve thirteen Les Anses d’Arlet Diamant Ducos Fran ois Rivi re-Pilote re-Sal Sainte-Anne Sainte-Luce Saint-Esprit Trois- lets Vauclin third comprises eight lying include Carbet Case-Pilote-Bellefontaine Morne-Rouge cheur Flag tricolour Marseillaise sung national events representing outside sport cultural civil ‘Ips anthem Lorizon Civil ensign cross Michael White blue quarters snake each coat arms adaptation unofficial formal context Gendarmerie independentists have own using red green colours white snakes Also ‘Snake flag’ Ips sometimes international sporting High Collectivit Territoriale Map Part archipelago about South southeast Dominican rd largest Trinidad Guadeloupe stretches length width highest volcano Mount metres ft above sea level There numerous small particularly east origin along subduction fault Plate slides beneath different centres activity oldest rocks andesitic lavas dated million ago mixed tholeiitic magma containing iron magnesium dramatic feature twice minutes August caused Morne-Red Atlantic windward difficult combination coastal cliffs shallow coral reefs cays strong winds make notoriously hazardous traffic peninsula clearly separates leeward much favourable addition waters shielded bed itself descends steeply shore ensures potential hazards too deep underwater issue prevents growth corals otherwise pose threat passing tropical forest near Fond St-Denis especially mountainous features ensembles pitons volcanoes mornes mountains Piton Conil extreme North dominates Channel active Morne Jacob Pitons ensemble extinct covered rainforest dominating Bay e’s ash created grey sand beaches particular Anse Ceron Gallets contrasting markedly sands Salines easily traversed still impressive geographic easier travel due food facilities throughout receives bulk tourist Pointe Bout through right Roche Luce Anne down northern catches rainfall heavily forested featuring species bamboo mahogany rosewood locust drier dominated savanna-like brush cacti Copaiba balsam logwood acacia Anole lizards fer-de-lance Mongooses Herpestes auropunctatus control become cumbersome prey upon bird eggs exterminated endangered number birds trembler white-breasted thrasher Bat Jamaican fruit bat fruit-eating Little yellow-shouldered Davy’s naked-backed bulldog Schwartz’s myotis Mexican free-tailed GDP euros dependent tourism limited production grant aid Historically relied agriculture notably bananas beginning sector dwindled considerably Sugar sugarcane rum Banana exports increasing going meat vegetable grain requirements contributes chronic deficit requires annual transfers All goods entering charged variable toll reach value cargo provides revenue Additionally charges added tax wide beach southeastern foreign exchange Most visitors come Canada USA Roughly businesses companies tourist-related services Transportation main airport commercial flights International Airport serves United States List airports major regular ferry service local connect road network extensive well-maintained freeways Buses run frequently country code top-level domain mq often instead dialling uses single landline phones dialled calling another estimated living Emigration almost stop comparatively light Historical estimate census Official figures past censuses INSEE estimates mainly descent generally Amerindian Indo-Martiniquais th-century Tamil immigrants Lebanese Syrian Chinese Syro-Lebanese community Whites represent represents aristocratic birth buying title hosts live temporary basis Muslim Bah Hindu About Christian predominantly Roman well smaller various denominations other faiths Islam Hinduism sm majority represented commune village parishes historic places worship Saint-Louis Cathedral Sacred Heart Church Balata Co-Cathedral Our Lady Assumption spoken residents can speak Martiniquan form closely related varieties neighboring English-speaking based languages elements Spanish continues oral storytelling traditions forms speech lesser extent writing forbidden schools even families accepted Considered prestigious grew speaking authors Patrick Chamoiseau Jean Bernab Rapha Confiant challenge via promotion Cr olit Nowadays attitudes changed predominant among friends close family Though normally professional situations members media politicians begun way redeem identity prevent assimilation Indeed unlike creole Mauritian readily understood speakers Standard significant differences grammar syntax vocabulary pronunciation progressively adopted dancers traditional dress overseas d partement blends influences referred Following custom midday allow lengthy lunch reopen afternoon Today higher standard products available Chanel fashions Limoges porcelain Studying tropole common young adults been vacation hotspot attracting upper-class budget-conscious travelers hybrid cuisine mixing Indian subcontinental famous dishes Colombo compare kuzhambu gravy broth unique curry chicken fish vegetables spiced distinctive masala origins sparked tamarind wine coconut milk cassava tradition desserts cakes incorporate pineapple range ingredients perhaps writer gritude literary Other writers Ren M nil tienne ro Th lus douard Glissant Jules-Marcel Monnerot Frantz Fanon prominent critic racism best works Black Skin Masks Wretched Earth music industry gained renown success zouk Zouk’s popularity intense genre symbol folk chouval bwa Guadeloupan gwo ka There’s pan-Caribbean calypso Haitian kompa artist Paul Gauguin lived painted landscape Interpretation Centre former Museum dedicated stay Various films filmed To Have Not remake Thomas Crown Affair Concorde Affaire ‘ Cane Alley Caridad Bravo Adams wrote Coraz salvaje published Several novelists setting Solibo Magnificent Rhys Wide Sargasso Rex Bestle Island Carolly Erickson Secret Life Josephine Napoleon’s Bird Paradise saire’s seminal poem Cahier d’un retour au pays natal Notebook Return Native Land envisions poet’s imagined journey homeland find state colossal poverty psychological inferiority presence Lafcadio Hearn book titled Two Years Sketches topic descriptions lively observations before would forever Library republished entitled Writings John Edgar Wideman memoir originated man visiting place built deeply journal romance Frenchwoman Geographic Society Bibliography Index Martinique-related Tour Yoles Rondes departmental heads Regional Mot sident l’Ex cutif b c Recensement habitants er janvier Retrieved Produits int rieurs bruts gionaux et valeurs ajout es gionales retrieved BWETAMO KREYOL MATNIK Potomitan Site cultures langues cr oles Annou voy krey douvan Dictionnaire ole martiniquais Encyclopedia Britannica Baker Colin Jones Sylvia Prys Bilingualism Bilingual Education p ISBN g h j o q u v w x y z aa ab ac Britannica- II Morison Samuel Ocean Boston Brown pp www iexplore com Migration Dodd Mead amp Gasser De mer l’oc Indien Bulletin Cercle G alogique Bourbon Genealogical Circle original reprinted Diable Volant Une histoire flibuste Flying Devil Filibusters Benerson Golden Age Piracy Truth Behind Pirate Myths Skyhorse Publishing Inc Ver Berkmoes Ryan al print format url help ed Lonely Planet Lacour Histoire vol Basse-Terre Books ff Robin Blackburn Overthrow Colonial Slavery Verso Family Race Letters Diary Dessalles Planter Johns Hopkins University Press MARTINIQUE LA GRANDE INSURRECTION DU SUD Eyewitness Travel Hubbard Macmillan Emeutes gle ses comptes avec colonialisme drame vrier marque encore esprits Blacks slam minority strike Herald Tribune Associated February fuel social conflict Agence France-Presse AFP offers vote Archived copy CS maint archived Atlas World Explore Volcanoes web Maple Creative Scarth Alwyn Catastrophe Oxford Notes Nature Global Invasive Species Database Informations Economie Telephones IIWINC April People Groups Factbook CIA atrice Gurrey Beno Hopquin affaire d’h ritage Monde PDF October Paroisses Eglise catholique martinique November Cath drale Sacr Coeur Notre-Dame ‘Assomption Lewis Shireen K Identity Francophone literature theory Lexington Ben Heller Daniel Balderston eds Latin London Routledge Ledesma Scaramuzzo Karen Kristine Reichnitzer Pope Donald E Herdeck Writers Bio-Bibliographical-Critical Washington DC Three Continents Commentary Middleton CT Wesleyan Digital Youma Story Harper Brothers flowers website Prefecture R gion site Curlie Wikimedia Instamagique Guide Girl Blog Authority Zananas guide Wikivoyage Find Wikipedia’s Sister projects Media Commons guides News stories Wikinews Definitions Wiktionary Textbooks Wikibooks 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