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Costa Rica – Wikipedia From the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation search For cities in other countries see Sinaloa and Mato Grosso do Sul uses disambiguation Republic Central America Coordinates N W xfeff of Rep blica de Spanish Flag Coat arms Anthem Himno Nacional National Capital largest citySan Jos Official languagesSpanishRecognized regional languages MekatelyuBribriPatoisEthnic groups White Castizo or Mestizo Mulatto Amerindian Afro-Costa Rican Others Religion Christianity Roman Catholic official Protestant Other Christian No religion religions UndeclaredDemonym s RicanTico a GovernmentUnitary presidential constitutional republic President Carlos Alvarado st Vice-President Epsy Campbell Barr nd Marvin Rodr guez LegislatureLegislative AssemblyIndependence declared from Spain September First Mexican Empire July Federal Recognized by May Constitution November Area Total km sq mi th Water Population estimate rd Density GDP PPP billion Per capita nominal Gini high HDI thCurrencyCosta col n CRC Time zoneUTC CST Driving siderightCalling code ISO codeCRInternet TLD cr co k t r i US o listen kosta rika literally Rich Coast officially is country bordered Nicaragua north Caribbean Sea northeast Panama southeast Pacific Ocean southwest Ecuador south Cocos Island It has population around million land area square kilometers miles An estimated people live capital city San with surrounding metropolitan The sovereign state unitary known for its long-standing stable democracy highly educated workforce most whom speak English spends roughly budget on education compared global average Its economy once heavily dependent agriculture diversified include sectors such as finance corporate services foreign companies pharmaceuticals ecotourism Many manufacturing operate Rica’s Free Trade Zones FTZ where they benefit investment tax incentives was sparsely inhabited indigenous peoples before coming under rule century remained peripheral colony empire until independence part followed membership which it formally Following brief Civil War permanently abolished army becoming one only few nations without standing consistently performed favorably Human Development Index placing world update fifth Latin also been cited United Nations Programme UNDP having attained much higher human development than at same income levels better record inequality median region progressive environmental policies meet all five criteria established measure sustainability ranked third Americas Environmental Performance twice best performing New Economics Foundation’s NEF Happy Planet measures identified greenest plans become carbon-neutral By electricity generated green sources particularly hydro wind geothermal solar Contents History Pre-Columbian period colonization Independence Economic growth Geography Climate Flora fauna Economy Tourism Government politics Administrative divisions Foreign relations Pacifism Demographics Largest Languages Culture Cuisine Sports Education Health See References Further reading External links Main article A stone sphere created Diquis culture Museum icon country’s cultural identity history Historians have classified belonging Intermediate peripheries Mesoamerican Andean native cultures overlapped More recently pre-Columbian described Isthmo-Colombian Stone tools oldest evidence occupation are associated arrival various hunter-gatherers about years BCE Turrialba Valley presence Clovis type spearheads arrows South opens possibility that this two different coexisted Agriculture became evident populations lived ago They mainly grew tubers roots first second millennia there were already settled farming communities These small scattered although timing transition hunting gathering main livelihood territory still unknown earliest use pottery appears Shards pots cylindrical vases platters gourds forms decorated grooves prints some modelled after animals found impact modern relatively since lacked strong civilization begin Most absorbed into Spanish-speaking colonial society through inter-marriage except remnants significant Bribri Boruca tribes who inhabit mountains Cordillera Talamanca southeastern near frontier name la costa rica meaning rich coast language accounts applied Christopher Columbus sailed eastern shores during his final voyage reported vast quantities gold jewelry worn natives may come conquistador Gil Gonz lez D vila landed west encountered obtained their sometimes violent theft gifts local leaders Ujarr historical site Oros Cartago province church built between During southernmost Captaincy General Guatemala nominally Viceroyalty In practice captaincy general largely autonomous entity within distance legal prohibition law trade southern neighbor then Granada e Colombia lack resources silver made poor isolated sparsely-inhabited poorest miserable governor Another important factor behind poverty available encomienda forced labor meant settlers had work own preventing establishment large haciendas plantations these reasons unappreciated overlooked Crown left develop circumstances believed led many idiosyncrasies while concomitantly setting stage more egalitarian rest neighbors rural no oppressed mestizo class not long turned hills volcanic soil milder climate lowlands State Like never fought On defeat authorities That date celebrated Day even though technically readopted an Le Upon faced issue deciding future Two bands formed Imperialists defended Heredia favor joining Republicans represented Alajuela full Because agreement possible outcomes civil war occurred Battle Ochomogo took place Hill located conflict won consequence lost status moved national coat featured postal stamp issued ceased function withdrew proclaimed itself considerable communication routes City Plateau lives now little allegiance federal government times reluctance economically tied major obstacle efforts greater integration Until when Chiriqu pride assuaged loss acquisition Guanacaste Liberal Coffee planted surpassed tobacco sugar cacao primary export production principal source wealth well creating wealthy growers so-called Barons revenue helped modernize coffee exported grown centers transported oxcart port Puntarenas road mid- market Britain soon priority effective transportation route Atlantic purpose contracted U S businessman Minor C Keith build railroad Lim Despite enormous difficulties construction disease financing completed Ricans descend Jamaican immigrants worked railway make up convicts Italians Chinese participated project exchange completing granted tracts lease train he used produce bananas them States As result came rival foreign-owned corporations including Fruit Company later began hold role eventually symbol exploitative dispute peasants Great Banana Strike event step would lead formation unions company required sign collective workers Reform Historically generally enjoyed peace consistent political stability fellow American Since late however experienced periods violence Federico Tinoco Granados ruled military dictator overthrown exile unpopularity Tinoco’s regime decline size influence Figueres Ferrer armed uprising wake disputed election Rafael ngel Calder Guardia president Otilio Ulate Blanco With dead resulting -day bloodiest victorious rebels junta altogether oversaw drafting new constitution democratically elected assembly Having enacted reforms transferred power After coup d’ tat hero winning democratic held elections latest uninterrupted dating back least region’s map K ppen classification Arenal Volcano borders east highest point Cerro Chirrip metres ft volcano Iraz m lake Lake There volcanoes six active last experiences tropical year round seasons summer dry season December April winter rainy Red-eyed tree frog Agalychnis callidryas Heliconius doris Linnaeus butterfly variety plants wildlife One park Corcovado Park internationally renowned among ecologists biodiversity big cats tapirs visitors can expect abundance four monkey species be white-headed capuchin mantled howler endangered Geoffroy’s spider squirrel considered upgraded vulnerable Deforestation illegal pet-trading threatened stopped reversed deforestation successfully restored forestry developed ecosystem service teach biologists protection This section needs updated Please reflect recent events newly information Intel microprocessor facility time responsible exports moderate inflation moderately increased per purchasing parity growing debt deficit concerns study Organisation Co-operation warned reducing must very fiscal recommended Well over half According zones supported direct jobs indirect Companies facilities Zone example Dell HP Bayer Bosch DHL IBM Okay Industries Of industry employs force unemployment level according IMF Although below line standards living High quality health care provided low cost users Housing affordable recognized educational system literacy rates Basic mandatory user report confirms historically placed creation skilled but notes school drop-out rate increasing courses Portuguese Mandarin French Science Technology Engineering Math STEM agreements barriers affect imports lowering tariffs accordance provide industries thousand wages private enterprise Amazon com employees planned increase making employer central location provides access markets ocean Europe Asia order dollar value medical instruments fruits integrated circuits orthopedic appliances products imported refined petroleum automobiles packaged medications broadcasting equipment computers total plantation Pharmaceuticals financial outsourcing software prime residents attractive investing tourism earns combined three cash crops pineapples especially played key crop world’s agricultural percent declined expected subsequent payments Similarly water pollution penalize businesses homeowners dump sewage chemicals pollutants waterways announced intentions carbon neutral renewable produced ran completely continuous days Forest Law landowners provision reorient sector away commercial timber create awareness fixation hydrological producing fresh drinking scenic beauty identifies challenges facing works expand working probably follows ports roads railways delivery systems upgrading concern voiced reports too Attempts China invest aspects stalled bureaucratic bureaucracy often slow cumbersome List airports Po Crater tourist attractions most-visited nation number tourists arrivals Vacations arrive go Tamarindo pass Liberia Daniel Oduber Quir International Airport passing Juan Santamar choose Manuel Antonio Monteverde generating World Travel amp Council’s estimates indicated contribution indirectly pioneer draws extensive series parks protected areas trail Camino supports allowing travelers walk across Competitiveness Mexico reached slightly Ethical Traveler group’s ten list World’s Ten Best Destinations includes scored winners reversing moving towards using energy Politics Provinces composed seven provinces turn divided cantons cant plural cantones each directed mayor Mayors chosen every canton provincial legislatures further districts distritos extent western EEZ Barack Obama Laura Chinchilla children member Organization Inter-American Court Rights University Peace based international organizations related rights Community Democracies policy objective foster sustainable way secure Criminal Bilateral Immunity Agreement covered Article observer internationale Francophonie months Fidel Castro Cuba socialist Mario Echandi ended diplomatic Executive Decree Number freeze lasted scar Arias nchez re-established normal March saying If we able page regimes profoundly our reality USSR how geographically culturally nearer both ambassadors long-term disagreement River defines border river Isla Calero Nicaraguan dredging Justice Hague upheld purposes subsistence fishing side treaty extended denied passenger travel deal court cards visas argued nod Nicaraguans boats passengers stop along document passport impose timetables traffic require display flag charge departure clearance specific items contention brought filing June broke ties Taiwan switching recognition People’s so admitted action response economic exigency PRC state-of-the-art football stadium Parque Sabana Approximately engineers laborers inaugurated match teams finished term Security Council nonrenewable two-year expired Elayne Whyte G mez Permanent Representative UN Office Geneva Conference Negotiate Legally Binding Instrument Prohibit Nuclear Weapons abolition introduced previously dedicated providing DW social compulsory public well-being emphasis signed Prohibition Censuses Year census counted distributed following whites mestizos mulattoes Native black Afro-Caribbean showed None unspecified estimation pyramid inhabitants representing secluded reservations eight ethnic Quitirris Matamb Chorotega Maleku northern Cab car Guaym Panam T rraba es European ancestry primarily descent numbers Italian German Dutch Irish Polish families sizable Jewish community majority Creole English-speaking descendants immigrant white latter persons segment mix mixed blood far less Exceptions almost visibly legacy pervasive colonists Amerindians several generations hosts refugees immigration Some migrate seasonal opportunities return range fleeing wars dictatorships notably Chile Argentina El Salvador fled guerrillas death squads Bank Honduras Belize abroad Canada Germany Venezuela Dominican migrants asylum seekers mostly rose fivefold called magnet hoping reach Cantons vte towns Census Rank Name Province Pop Isidro Quesada Desamparados CIEP Catholicism Protestantism Agnostic Atheist answer Bas lica Nuestra Se ora los ngeles Basilica Our Lady Angels pilgrimage predominant being guarantees freedom microstates Liechtenstein Monaco Vatican Malta Latinobar metro survey identify themselves Catholics Evangelical Protestants declare belong another share rise irreligious show similar secularism Due Middle East popular Buddhism practitioners Buddhists members Han converts Muslim Sinagoga Shaarei Zion synagogue La Metropolitan Several homes neighborhood Star David symbols Church Jesus Christ Latter-day Saints claims temple served worship center However represent spoken features characteristics distinct form linguistically diverse home Mal ku Buglere numerically Ng bere speakers others hundred Teribe fewer closely Creole-English patois Mekatelyu English-based Afro-Carib About adult older speaks Las Carretas oxcarts met northwest Nicoya peninsula Nahuatl conquerors conquistadores portions Chibcha influences meanwhile populated African centuries Spaniards th-century evolution marked everyday life today Department Youth promotion coordination department Direction Visual Arts Scenic Music Patrimony System Libraries programs Symphony Orchestra conjunctions citation needed Dance-oriented genres soca salsa bachata merengue cumbia swing increasingly rather younger guitar accompaniment folk dances marimba instrument Geographic magazine named happiest routinely ranks happiness metrics included summary enjoy pleasure daily fullest mitigates stress maximizes joy surprising recognizable phrases Ticos Pura Vida pure literal translation reflects inhabitant’s philosophy denoting simple positive relaxed feeling expression contexts conversation Often walking down streets buying food shops say hello phrased question acknowledgement one’s How you usage might translated awesome indicating When connotation everything going Happiness Report said Reasons caring nature expectancy corruption breakfast gallo pinto cuisine blend origins Dishes traditional tamale corn representative neighboring ingredients lands spices domestic And flavor lent flavors varied group influencing unreliable articles Olympics Association supporters FIFA Cup Brazil Claudia Poll Olympic medal entered Summer fencer Bernardo Winter skier Arturo Kinch All medals sisters Silvia swimming Football sport team tournaments quarter-finals performance CONCACAF Gold runner-up Paulo Wanchope forward clubs England’s Premier League early credited enhancing Basketball yet qualified tournament FIBA AmeriCup approximately widely due replaced teachers Universal guaranteed obligatory preschool Students finish grade receive Bachillerato Diploma accredited Ministry universities awarded title Meritorious Institution current dropout students fluent graduates birth Peninsula Blue commonly past age Foundation again index unit input richer ecological footprint one-third practitioner consultations specialist hospital admission Preventive successful women contraception antenatal pregnant well-baby clinics immunization coverage above antigens malaria incidence cases measles perinatal mortality dropped America’s great success story healthcare despite fraction Prior hospitals charities But Social Insurance Administration Caja Costarricense Seguro CCSS universal wage-earning dependants administration launching Rural Program Programa Salud nationwide laws passed enable boards consumers insurance representatives employers Each committee manages equivalent administrative limited for-profit expenditure allocated funded Primary nurse clerk pharmacist technician specialty serving referral deliver biopsychosocial family prevention Patients avoid waiting lists destinations received foreigners treatment Americans geographic proximity lower costs smoking subject restrictive regulations portal Rica-related Outline b Live Clock Today www livepopulation c d Intelligence Agency Factbook Langley Virginia Retrieved October Religious Freedom gov Murillo Alvaro Ahora solo mitad ticos se declara cat Semanario Universidad January prospects division un org Affairs Division Overall Prospects Revision xslx custom data acquired via website Monetary Fund Income oecd OECD PDF Facts Archived original August invests tiny carves out profitable niche Investment Promotion cinde Esp ritu del Abolici Ej rcito Desk Reference February Uppsala Table components pp Box Yale Center Policy Earth Information Network Columbia EPI Country Rankings Irene nuevamente el pa feliz mundo seg ndice ‘Happy Planet’ Naci Fiona Harvey UK citizens off EU counterparts says Guardian Ashley Seager London John Burnett Aims Be Carbon-Neutral Nation Public Radio NPR Alana Herro Become Carbon Neutral Worldwatch Institute Alejandro Vargas Pa quiere ser primera naci con balance neutro carbono Electricity Is Nearly At Renewable Energy intelligentliving entirely TED ideas get rid fossil fuels Monica Araya retrieved Botey Sobrado harvnb error target CITEREFBotey help p Embassy Washington DC Lonely Rojas Eugenia Ibarra Fronteras etnicas en conquista y entre solidaridad conflicto ISBN Era Encomienda Historia Editorial Shafer Michael Winners losers shape developmental states Ithaca Y Cornell Press Costarica Aniversario Independencia Ministerio Educaci P Cartilla Hist EUNED Alarmvogel Apuntes para historia ciudad Impr OCLC Obreg Lor Hechos Militares Pol Patria Museo rico Cultural cotf edu Tradition News caf travelcostarica nu Embajada Singapur Imports Cafe cafeimports Past Present Cultivations anywhere Production Processing Large Finca Bib Orton IICA CATIE Google Books Blacks Encyclopedia Rankin ABC-CLIO Bucheli Marcelo Bananas Business NYU Losers Sectors Shape Developmental Internet Archive Ian Holzhauer Presidency Florida Thesis Happiest People York Times Why getting USA backs holiday Deutsche Welle costa-rica-guide Diversity Govisitcostarica Hunter L Andrew Watching Wildlife Cuar Morales Shedden Rodriguez-Luna E Grammont Ateles geoffroyi IUCN Red Threatened Species CS maint ref harv link old-form url Wong Saimiri oerstedii CNN Nell Lewis regrew forest Can learn Global Finance Magazine Data FocusEconomics Inflation CPI Interest Rate Forecasts Leading Economists Mission Concludes Visit Playing Fire Delaying Fiscal Says Intl Expert CINDE Invest Major Success americafreezone Expands Operation Reinvests Million employment Statistic Statista records lowest figures profile bbc Maldonado Gabriel Healthcare Low Cost ITA Export CCG Structure Educational CostaRicaLaw Import Tariffs OEC CRI Exports Partners atlas media mit Fruits Beyond Pineapples Departamento Estad sticas ICT Anu rio Demanda Intituto Turismo Annual gain fas usda Jessica Brown Neil Bird resource management Successfully tackling Wayback Machine Overseas taxing firms wastewater rivers Herald Tribune Sawin Janet Bright Green Zealand Path Neutrality Worldchanging pct clean generate EFE Fox Latino BOT original-url Pisu Mauro Villalobos bird-eye view transport infrastructure Working Papers doi jlswbwvwqjf-en millions Flow Visitors Up Represents Rodriguez Valverde Andrea alcanza cifra cord llegadas internacionales millones visitantes Financiero Enrique motor econom durante Research wttc Honey Martha Ecotourism Sustainable Who Owns Paradise edition Jennifer Blanke Thea Chiesa eds Forum Switzerland Ranks Democracy Now Fossil-Free Pursuing Decarbonization Inaction Relations Declaration Objectives re-establishes Italic bold markup allowed publisher IJC Ruling nacion provisional Rica-Nicaragua decision Settles Dispute Both Claim Victory Allbusiness Boots Welcomes Diplomatic Switch allbusiness Section Service Member set adopt ‘historic’ prohibiting nuclear weapons dividend abolishing paid Los Angeles Chapter XXVI Disarmament Treaty Collection ratify Pressenza Statistics Schulman Bob ‘ Little Jamaica’ Rocks Huffington Post Koch Charles Their Descendants Studies Jamaica Sir Arthur West Indies JSTOR Background Note Dickerson Marla Kimitch Rebecca Seeks Shut Doors Illegal Migrants Biesanz Karen Zubris Mavis Hiltunen Richard Change Boulder CO Lynne Rienner Publishers Migration Remittances Holpuch Amanda partners protect theguardian Becomes Magnet Trump Deportations Affect Family Papa Francisco Religi Am Latina buddhistchannel tv Adriana Navidad vive diferente hogares cristianos Christmas differently non-Christian Centro Israelita Comunidad Jud Jcpa LDS Newsroom Mormon Temple Ldschurchtemples temples Lds What Are Spoken Jairo Villegas Solo cada adultos habla segundo idioma Places https weforum agenda sun-sea-and-stable-democracy-what-s-the-secret-to-costa-rica-s-success text HPI Gallup poll longer Missing empty does mean PURA VIDA Important Expression Trester Anna Marie Bienvenidos tierra pura vida Study Sayahi Lotfi ed Selected Proceedings Workshop Sociolinguistics Somerville MA Cascadilla Project worldhappiness Revealed Typical Food Southerncostarica biz Griffiths F defies odds Group Toronto Martel B Navas Carries Quarters ABC player put warning England Telegraph AFS-USA Cultura Juventud Deportes Indicators Anne Casselman Long-Lived Offer Secrets Reaching Dan Buettner ‘Blue Zone’ Do Long Nic Marks Measuring what matters Unger Jean-Pierre Buitr Ren Soors Werner Achievements Heterodox Journal AJPH PMC PMID Reviews Systems -en Jacob Brian CLOSING THE GAPS Challenge Protect Care Georgetown Review Herrick Devon M Medical Competition Analysis Dallas Texas 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