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Helianthus – Wikipedia From the free encyclopedia Redirected from Sunflower Jump to navigation search This article is about genus For common domesticated sunflower see annuus other uses disambiguation and Sunflowers redirect here of flowering plants in daisy family Asteraceae Temporal range Eocene-recent Common Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Angiosperms Eudicots Asterids Order Asterales Family Subfamily Asteroideae Supertribe Helianthodae Tribe Heliantheae Genus L Synonyms Harpalium Cass h i l n s a comprising species annual perennial Except for three South American are native North America Central The names typically refer popular whose round flower heads combination with ligules look like sun notably Jerusalem artichoke H tuberosus cultivated temperate regions some tropical as food crops humans cattle poultry ornamental grows during summer into early fall peak growth season being mid-summer Several grown gardens but have tendency spread rapidly can become aggressive whorled verticillatus was listed an endangered when U S Fish Wildlife Service issued final rule protecting it under Endangered Species Act primary threats industrial forestry pine plantations Alabama Georgia Tennessee They grow m ft primarily found woodlands adjacent creeks moist prairie-like areas Contents Description Origin Morphology Growth stages Production Fertilizer use Brazil Diversity Accepted Formerly included Gallery See also References edit Close-up disk made up many little flowers ray dried A field sunflowers Carolina florets arranged natural spiral having Fibonacci sequence originate Americas were first what now Mexico Southern United States Domestic seeds been dating BCE Native people grew crop Canada In th century breeds brought Europe by explorers usually tall or that height cm more bear one wide terminal capitula bright yellow at outside maroon known brown red disc inside cultivars red-colored all them stem single original mutant During tilt day face stop once they begin blooming tracking young called heliotropism By time mature generally east movement through happens follows opposite side begins accumulate hormones this causes which redirects rough hairy branched upper part wild unbranched petiolate leaves dentate often sticky lower ovate heart-shaped distinguished technically fact present sterile presence on pappus two awn-like scales caducous easily detached falling maturity Some additional shorter lacks entirely Another technical feature distinguishes reliably requires microscope prominent multicellular appendage apex style Further Variability seen among make bulk those most large rosette base plant produce has reduced size Most perennials few reddish lobes One radula altogether used larvae lepidopterans human depends strictly its genetic makeup background Additionally planted will effects development seasons tend be middle beginning classified series vegetative reproductive determined identifying main branch head Journal Environmental Management analyzed impact various nitrogen-based fertilizers Ammonium nitrate better nitrogen absorption than urea performed low-temperature unique system production soybean-sunflower then soybean follow reducing idle periods increasing total profitability extreme southern northern country Frequently rainy soybeans Researchers concluded method plantation could further improved changes fertilizer current shown positive environmental impacts Top seed producers Countries Million metric tonnes Ukraine Russia European Union Argentina Turkey Other There recognized agrestis Pollard southeastern Florida ambiguus Britt Wisconsin Michigan Ohio New York State angustifolius swamp Texas north Illinois Long Island girasol anomalus F Blake western Nevada Utah Arizona argophyllus Torr amp Gray silverleaf arizonensis R C Jacks atrorubens purpledisk Louisiana Kentucky Virginia bolanderi serpentine California Oregon brevifolius E Watson Indiana californicus DC carnosus Small lakeside ciliaris blueweed Washington Oklahoma Colorado Kansas Tamaulipas Coahuila Chihuahua Sonora cinereus Missouri coloradensis Cockerell prairie cusickii Cusick’s Idaho debilis Nutt cucumberleaf Maine Mississippi decapetalus thinleaf eastern Ontario Quebec deserticola Heiser desert diffusus Sims dissectifolius divaricatus woodland divariserratus W Connecticut doronicoides Lam Arkansas Iowa Minnesota Pennsylvania Jersey eggertii exilis floridanus ex Chapm giganteus giant glaucophyllus D M Sm whiteleaf glaucus scattered locales gracilentus slender grosseserratus Martens sawtooth Great Plains Lakes heterophyllus variableleaf Coastal Plain hirsutus Raf central Eastern intermedius intermediate laciniatus alkali Nuevo Le laetiflorus Pers cheerful mountain laevigatus smooth Maryland West lenticularis Douglas Lindl longifolius Pursh longleaf luxurians region maximiliani Schrad Maximillian much membranifolius Poir French Guiana mollis downy ashy multiflorus manyflower navarri Phil Chile neglectus neglected niveus Benth Brandegee showy Baja Sur nuttallii occidentalis Riddell fewleaf orgyaloides paradoxus paradox pauciflorus stiff petiolaris lesser porteri Pruski Porter’s praecox Engelm praetermissus pumilus Wyoming Montana rayless resinosus rescindot salicifolius Dietr willowleaf sarmentosus Rich scaberrimus Elliott schweinitzii Schweinitz’s silphioides rosinweed Lower Valley simulans muck smithii Smith’s speciosus Hook Michoac strumosus subcanescens Manitoba north-central subtuberosus Bourg sunchoke earth-apple topinambur following previously Flourensia thurifera Molina thurifer Helianthella quinquenervis uniflora uniflorus Pappobolus imbaburensis Hieron Panero Viguiera procumbens Plenus leaf structure Prairie Giant Red ‘Strawberry Blonde’ Willowleaf bud Leaves Rear view Seed Wikimedia Commons media related Wikispecies information Spiral Fermat’s Phyllotaxis Stegocintractia junci Early fossil Phys org Lin Edwards b Germplasm Resources Information Network GRIN 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